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Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : 2303016X     EISSN : 25491156     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Jurnal ini diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Fisika Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Lampung sebagai sarana untuk mempublikasikan hasil penelitian, artikel review dari peneliti-peneliti di bidang fisika teori dan aplikasinya. Jurnal ini terbit dua kali setahun (Januari dan Juli).
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Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika" : 15 Documents clear
Sintesis Hidroksiapatit dari Tulang Ikan Sapu-Sapu (Hypostomus plecostomus) dengan Metode Presipitasi Sri Maulidiyah Mangkuasih; Lydia Rohmawati
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v9i2.2818

Abstract

Abstract. Fish bone contains about 62.31% CaO and 37.46% P2O5 so that it can be used as hydroxyapatite material. This composition is also contained in the bone of the broom fish (Hypostomus plecostomus) which is known from the XRF test. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the phase and functional group of hydroxyapatite from broomstick fish bones. Synthesis of hydroxyapatite from broomstick fish bones using the precipitation method, namely as much as 7 grams of CaO dissolved in 100 ml of distilled water and heated at 90°C then added 100 ml of 0.6 M H3PO4 to obtain a clear solution. Then the solution was added with 1 M NaOH until it reached pH 10, allowed to stand for 24 hours and a precipitate was formed. After that, it was heated at a temperature of 900°C with a holding time variation of 5 hours and 7 hours and then cooled at room temperature. The results of this synthesis were characterized by XRD and FTIR. Based on the XRF results, the broom fish bone has a CaO content of 81.37%. The main phase of hydroxyapatite was formed optimally at a holding time of 7 hours and had a crystal size of 32.39 nm which was calculated based on the Scherrer equation. FTIR results show that hydroxyapatite consists of three main functional groups, namely phosphate , hydroxyl (OH-) and carbonate in the wave range of 4000 cm-1 – 500 cm-1. Thus, in this study, hydroxyapatite from broom fish bones was successfully synthesized. Keywords : Hydroxyapatite, CaO, broom fish bone, Precipitation.
Gempa Bumi : Hubungan Data Sensor MAG3110 dengan Data Sensor ADXL345 Berbasis IoT Dodi Yudo Setyawan; Nurfiana Nurfiana; Lia Rosmalia; Melia Gripin Setiawati
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v9i2.2802

Abstract

The earthquake early warning system was built by implementing the IoT-based telemetry method to measure the earth's magnetic flux and vibrations at the latitude coordinates and longitude coordinates (-5.640274, 104.3050093), (-5.600941, 104.7788183) through the MAG3110 and ADXL345 sensors that were integrated in the raspberry pi3 as a server and applications on Android phones used for measurement data display. The result of the measurement data was that the average impact of the arising earth anomaly and vibration at the same coordinates took 400 seconds in the anomaly range of 395 μT to 404 μT. The conclusion of this study was that the study was able to be used as a basic to design the real-time earthquake warning system.Abstrak.Untuk membangun sistem peringantan dini gempa bumi kami menerapkan metode telemetri berbasis IoT untuk mengukur flux magnet bumi dan getaran pada pada koordinat lintang dan bujur bumi (-5.640274, 104.3050093) dan (-5.600941, 104.7788183) menggunakan sensor MAG3110 dan ADXL345 yang diintegrasikan dalam raspberry pi3 sebagai server dan aplikasi di handphone android digunakan untuk menampikan data pengukuran. Hasil pengukuran yang diperoleh rata-rata impact yang ditumbulkan dari timbulnya anomali dengan datangnya getaran pada koordinat yang sama membutuhkan waktu 400 detik dari rentang anomali sebesar 395 µT sampai dengan 404 µT. Hal ini menurut peneliti dapat dijadikan dasar untuk membangun sistem peringatan gempa bumi secara real time.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI INHIBITOR KOROSI EKSTRAK KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca L) TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI BAJA KARBON API 5L PADA SUHU PERENDAMAN 40OC DAN 80OC Titan Nurahman; Ediman Ginting Suka; Leni Rumiyanti
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v9i2.2719

Abstract

Abstract. Research has been carried out on the effect of the concentration of Kepok banana peel extract as an inhibitor on API 5L carbon steel in 3% NaCl corrosive medium. API 5L carbon steel immersion was carried out for 7 hours with two variations of immersion temperature, namely 40 and 80 oC and five variations in the concentration of corrosion inhibitors, namely 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%. Corrosion rate testing was carried out using the weight loss method. The results showed that the largest corrosion rates at immersion temperatures of 40 and 80 oC were at 0% inhibitor concentrations, namely 60.91 mm / y and 86.91 mm / y. Meanwhile, the lowest corrosion rate was at the inhibitor concentration of 8% at immersion temperatures of 40 and 80 oC, namely 32.51 mm / y and 63.92 mm / y. The greatest effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors occurred at a concentration of 8% at immersion temperatures of 40 and 80 oC of 56.63%, and 26.44%. The results of the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) characterization showed that the phase formed was pure Fe. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) characterization showed uneven clusters and smaller size, holes and cracks were also less in 8% inhibitor at immersion temperature of 40 and 80 oC compared to inhibitor 0% at immersion temperature 40 and 80 oC.
Delineasi Patahan di Pulau Weh sebagai Perpanjangan The Great Sumatran Fault (GSF) Berdasarkan Data Metode Geomagnetik Afrahun Naziah; Nazli Ismail; Nasrullah Zaini; Muhammad Nanda
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v9i2.2819

Abstract

Abstract. This research has mapped the active fault of the Seulimeum segment part of the extension of The Great Sumatran Fault (GSF) in the northern as preparation for disaster mitigation. Nevertheless, seismic activity significantly on the Seulimeum segment still has not happened yet. This situation has the potential for a hugely destructive earthquake with a magnitude reaching ~7.4 and also will threaten the Weh island at the northernmost end of the Seulimeum segment even though the Weh island is a settlement, integrated economy area, tourism, trade area, and freeport zone. This study used geophysical methods, i.e., geomagnetic methods, for subsurface investigation. Each distance of 500m data was measured throughout the island using the Proton Precession Magnetometer (PPM) GEM 19 to get 204 total magnetic field data. The correction process (e.g., diurnal and IGRF) is done to get the total intensity of magnetic anomalies. Based on the calculation of residual data and analytical signals from the intensity of total magnetic anomalies, Interpretation found 13 fault distributions around the island with orientation in the northwest-southeast. This result has in agreement with the previous studies. However, this research has did not yet got information about geometry and fault depth. Comprehensive research is needed to complete it.Keywords: The Great Sumatran fault, Seulimuem segment, geomacnetic, Weh island.Abstrak. Salah satu upaya dalam persiapan mitigasi bencana adalah pemetaan patahan yang diduga aktif. Penelitian ini telah memetakan perpanjangan patahan aktif The Great Sumatran Fault (GSF) dari Segmen Seulimeum. Meskipun Segmen Seuliemuem merupakan bagian dari GSF yang sangat aktif dibagian selatan Sumatera, namun aktivitas seismik secara signifikan dibagian segmen seulimeum masih belum terjadi. Hal ini diperkirakan berpotensi menghasilkan gempa besar dengan magnitudo mencapai ~7.4. Keadaan ini juga mengancam Pulau Weh yang berada di ujung bagian utara dari Segmen Seulimeum. Padahal Pulau Weh merupakan kawasan pemukiman, ekonomi terpadu, pariwisata dan pelabuhan bebas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode geofisika yaitu metode geomagnetic untuk investigasi bawah permukaan. Pendekatan metode geofisika dari metode magnetik dilakukan untuk melengkapi dan memperbaharui temuan pada penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya terkait distribusi patahan dan perpanjangan Segmen Seulimeum dari GSF. Pengambilan data dilakukan sebanyak 204 titik dengan jarak antar titik ± 500 meter di seluruh Pulau Weh menggunakan Proton Precession Magnetometer (PPM) GEM 19. Data hasil pengukuran kemudian dilakukan koreksi International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) dan diurnal untuk mendapatkan nilai anomali intensitas magnetik total di Pulau Weh. Hasil interpretasi berdasarkan pengukuran efek regional dan perhitungan signal analytik didapatkan sebaran patahan sebanyak 13 patahan dengan orientasi timur laut-tenggara Pulau Weh. Temuan distribusi patahan ini mengikuti pola kesesuaian dengan kajian sebelumnya yang hanya memanfaatkan data permukaan saja. Meskipun demikian, penelitian ini belum mendapatkan informasi terkait geometri dan kedalaman patahan. Kajian lanjutan diperlukan untuk melengkapi informasi tersebut. Kata kunci: Patahan Sumatera, Segmen Seulimuem, geomagnetik, Pulau Weh.
Design of an Earthquake Intensity Estimation System for Early Warning Trismahargyono Trismahargyono; Sri Ratna Sulistiyanti; Roniyus Marjunus
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v9i2.2803

Abstract

Indonesia is located at the junction of three tectonic plates and has many active faults. The consequence of this tectonic arrangement makes Indonesia prone to earthquakes. Therefore, earthquake mitigation efforts based on an early warning system need to be done. The design of an earthquake strength estimation system, based on python, for this early warning, analyzes the initial phase of the first three seconds since the arrival of the P wave, using parameters in the form of Pd (the maximum amplitude of the first three seconds of the arrival of the P wave). The resulting tools and systems consist of hardware in the form of Raspberry Pi3B + and ADXL345. The system will detect in real time and automatically trigger an earthquake using the STA / LTA method. When the Pd and Td parameters have been obtained, the system will calculate and issue earthquake strength information, in the form of magnitude and intensity scale of earthquake damage MMI (Modified Mercally Intensity), which will then be sent automatically via the telegram application. Testing of tools and systems was carried out in an earthquake simulator, using the Padang earthquake parameters on 30 September 2009, 17:16:09 WIB. The results of the test produce an intensity scale of VIII MMI, these results are close to the results of the BMKG for the earthquake, with an intensity scale of VIII MMI.  From these results the designed tools and systems can be used to provide early warning in the event of an earthquake.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Hidung Elektronik Berbasis Sensor Gas MQ untuk Mengevaluasi Kualitas Madu Minarni Shiddiq; Annisa Fadlillah; Sinta Afria Ningsih; Ikhsan Raahaman Husein
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v9i2.2722

Abstract

Honeys come in many varieties based on quality attributes and region origin. Electronic nose systems have been adopted and used to classify honey types based on physicochemical parameters. This study was aimed to build a low cost  electronic nose (e-nose) based on metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors, and then used to evaluate the qualities of two types of honeys and one non honey based on sugar contents and pH values. Six gas sensors of MQ modules namely MQ2, MQ3, MQ4, MQ5, MQ6, MQ9, and an Arduino microcontroller were used in this system.  Software of Arduino IDE, PLX-DAQ, and Python were applied to record output voltages of each sensor, saved in Excel format, and to calculate trapezoid areas respectively. Honey samples were named as A, B, and C which were. a national brand honey, a local forest honey, and date syrup respectively. The results show higher output voltages for MQ 3, MQ 4, and MQ 6 sensors. The six sensors are able to differentiate between the two honey types and non honey. Sample A has the highest trapezoid area while sample C has the lowest area. This could be caused by higher pH value of sample C.
Desain Pengendali A Modified Fractional Order PID (PI^λ D^μ) untuk Pengendalian Level Pressurizer pada Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) Rissa Damayanti; Abdul Halim
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v9i2.2821

Abstract

Desain Pengendali A Modified Fractional Order PID () untuk Pengendalian Level Pressurizer pada Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR). Sistem pengendalian level air pada pressurizer ini dilakukan untuk menjaga keselamatan saat reaktor PWR sedang beroperasi. Pengendalian ini dilakukan dengan mempertahankan level air di pressurizer pada setpoint ketinggian tertentu. Ketinggian level  air akan  berubah sesuai dengan kondisi dari  reaktor  nuklir  seperti  bila terjadi proses  pengisian, pemanasan,  pendinginan,  perubahan  konsentrasi  boric  acid dalam  kalang  primer, serta  kemungkinan adanya kebocoran di pompa sirkulasi utama atau jalur pipa primer. Berbagai metode pengendalian telah banyak dikembangkan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan sistem pengendalian dengan tingkat respond sistem dan keselamatan paling baik. Penelitian  ini  bertujuan untuk  menjawab  permasalah yang ada dengan menggunakan sistem pengendalian Fractional Order PID serta membuktikan bahwa dengan menggunakan sistem pengendali tersebut akan memberikan hasil yang lebih  baik  dari  aplikasi  sistem  yang sudah ada. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh konfigurasi gain pengendali FOPID yang paling sesuai dengan persyaratan desain dengan nilai Kp sebesar 223.764, Ki sebesar 132.404, Kd sebesar 93.98 dan λ sebesar 0.0119,  sebesar 1.0080, yang menghasilkan waktu penetapan (settling time) lebih cepat 285 kali dan lewatan maksimum (maximum overshoot) lebih rendah 48.6 kali bila dibandingkan dengan pengendali  digabung dengan  pada penelitian sebelumnya.
Sintesis Magnesium Oksida (MgO) dari Dolomit Bangkalan dengan Metode Leaching Devi Saputri; Lydia Rohmawati
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v9i2.2808

Abstract

Magnesium oxide (MgO) is a ceramic material that has potential in the medical and industrial fields, where MgO can be obtained from natural dolomite which has a composition of 21.9% MgO and 54.3% CaCO3. However, MgO from dolomite has not been studied much so that this study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the effect of the holding time of calcination on the synthesized MgO phase. The MgO synthesis method uses the Leaching method, which is dissolving dolomite with HCl and stirring it at 75 ° C for 45 minutes. After that, it is filtered where the results of the filtrate are added with ammonia until the solution reaches pH 12 and a precipitate is formed. Furthermore, the precipitate was filtered and dried at 90 ° C for 6 hours, and calcined at a temperature of 800 ° C with a variation of the holding time of 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 hours. The calcined powder was characterized by XRD and FTIR. The results showed that the optimum MgO periclase main phase was formed at a holding time of 8 hours at a calcination temperature of 800 ° C and had a nanocrystalline size of 20.12 nm. FTIR results show that the MgO synthesized with a holding time of 8 hours has functional groups Mg-O, Mg-O-Mg, C = O, alkene groups, and H-O-H in the wave number range of 4000 cm-1 - 500 cm-1.
Penentuan Titik Pengamatan Optimal Terhadap Kualitas Udara pada Gas Keluaran Diffuser berbasis Internet of Things Irmayatul Hikmah; Afifah Dwi Ramadhani; Fikra Titan Syifa
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v9i2.2754

Abstract

Indoor air quality needs attention, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic because the majority of activities are carried out indoors. The air in the room must be protected from the threat of harmful virus and bacterial contaminants. One such innovation is placing diffuser in the room. Diffuser is a device that converts liquid into gas particles in the air. To reduce harmful virus contamination, a natural antiseptic liquid is filled into the diffuser, one of which is papermint essential oil, which can provide freshness in the room. Air quality is monitored with internet of things (IoT) technology so that users can easily control air quality with just a PC/gadget. The gas output from the diffuser is detected by a gas sensor that is connected to the wemos board so that the data can be connected to the internet cloud. To obtain optimal air quality data, the placement of gas sensors in the area around the diffuser as a point of observation needs to be considered because the distribution of gas in the air is influenced by the vertical wind speed in the room, this can affect the quality of the data generated. This study aims to determine the optimal observation point on an IoT-based diffuser so that the resulting air quality data is more accurate. In this study the gas sensor was placed at a distance of 15 and 25 cm from the diffuser. The direction of the gas sensor placement was adjusted according to the angle of the full circle ranging from 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, 315°, and 0°. The distribution of gas is influenced by the vertical wind speed in the room causing the air quality data at a vertical angle to always have the same pattern. From the results obtained, the optimal observation point as a reference for the position of the gas sensor to the diffuser is at an angle between 135°-180° as well as at an angle between 315° -0°.
Pengujian Gugus Fungsi Silika Berbasis Sekam Padi Dengan Variasi Suhu & Konsentrasi Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Sebagai Bahan Baku Mesoporous Silica Leni Rumiyanti; Catur Destiana; Ria Oktaviani; Simon Sembiring; Syafriadi Syafriadi; Ni Luh Gede Ratna Juliasih
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v9i2.2727

Abstract

Research has been conducted to test silica function groups based on rice husks with temperature variations and concentrations of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide as raw materials for mesoporous silica. In this study, rice husk silica was synthesized by alkaline method with variations in CTAB concentrations of 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%, and hydrothermal treatments with temperature variations of 120, 130, 145, and 160ºC for 1 hour in an autoclave. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) results showed the presence of the most dominant clusters, namely Si-O-Si and other groups such as C-H, -H, O-H, and –OH. Therefore, silica-based rice husks can be used as raw materials mesoporous silica

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